Definition and Examples of Interjections in English

An  interjection,  also known as an ejaculation  or an  exclamation, is a word, phrase, or sound used to convey an emotion such as surprise, excitement, happiness, or anger. Put another way, an  interjection is a short utterance that usually expresses emotion and is capable of standing alone. Though interjections are one of the traditional parts of speech, they are grammatically unrelated to any other part of a sentence. Interjections are very common in spoken English, but they appear in written English as well. The most widely used interjections in English include hey,  oops, ouch, gee, oh, ah, ooh, eh, ugh, aw, yo, wow, brr, sh, and yippee.  In writing, an interjection is typically followed by an  exclamation point, but it can also be followed by a comma if it is part of a  sentence. Knowing the different kinds of interjections, and understanding how to punctuate them, will help you use them correctly. First Words Interjections  (such as  oh  and  wow) are among the first words human beings learn as children—usually by the age of 1.5 years. Eventually, children pick up several hundred of these brief, often  exclamatory  utterances. As the 18th-century  philologist  Rowland Jones observed, It appears that interjections make up a considerable part of our language. Nevertheless, interjections are commonly regarded as the outlaws of English  grammar. The term itself, derived from Latin, means something thrown in between. Interjections usually stand apart from normal sentences, defiantly maintaining their syntactic independence. (Yeah!) They arent marked  inflectionally  for  grammatical categories  such as tense or number. (No sirree!) And because they show up more frequently in spoken English than in writing, most scholars have chosen to ignore them. With the advent of  corpus linguistics  and  conversation analysis, interjections have recently begun to attract serious attention.  Linguists  and grammarians have even segregated interjections into different categories. Primary and Secondary Its now customary to divide interjections into two broad classes: Primary interjections  are single words (such as  ah, brr, eww, hmm,   ooh, and  yowza) that are not derived from any other word class, are used  only  as interjections, and dont enter into syntactic constructions. According to linguist Martina Drescher, in her article The Expressive Function of Language: Towards a Cognitive Semantic Approach, which was published in The Language of Emotions: Conceptualization, Expression, and Theoretical Foundation, primary interjections generally serve to lubricate conversations in a ritualized manner. Secondary interjections  (such as bless you, congratulations, good grief, hey, hi, oh my, oh my God,  oh  well, rats, and shoot) also belong to other word classes. These expressions are often exclamatory and tend to mix with oaths, swear words, and greeting formulas. Drescher describes secondary interjections as derivative uses of other words or locutions, which have lost their original conceptual meanings—a process known as  semantic bleaching. As written English grows more colloquial, both classes have migrated from speech into print. Punctuation As noted, interjections are more commonly used in speech, but you might also find yourself using these parts of speech in writing as well. The Farlex Complete English Grammar Rules gives these examples: Ooh, thats a beautiful dress.Brr, its freezing in here!Oh my God! Weve won! Note how punctuating both primary and secondary interjections in writing depends entirely on the context in which they are used. In the first example above, the term  ooh  is technically a primary interjection that generally does not enter into syntactic constructions. It often stands alone, and when it does, the word is generally followed by an exclamation point, as in  Ohh!  Indeed, you could reconstruct the sentence so that the primary interjection stands alone, followed by an explanatory sentence, as in: Ohh! Thats a beautiful dress. In the second sentence, the primary interjection  brr  is followed by a comma. The exclamation point, then, does not come until the end of the connected sentence. But again, the primary interjection could stand alone—and be followed by an exclamation point—as in: Brr! Its cold in here. The third example contains a secondary interjection  Oh my God that stands apart from the second sentence, with the interjection and sentence both ending in exclamation points. You can also use secondary interjections as integral parts of  sentences: Hey, why did you let the dog in here?Oh my, I knew I should have turned off the oven!Good grief Charlie Brown! Just kick the football. Of course, the creator of the Peanuts cartoons would have likely used the secondary interjection more like a primary interjection. Indeed, a biography of the famed illustrator uses the phrase in just that way: Good Grief! The Story of Charles M. Schulz Since interjections depend so heavily on how they are used in speech, the punctuation they take varies greatly, according to context, but they are usually followed by an exclamation point when standing alone or a comma when introducing a sentence. Versatile Parts of Speech One of the more intriguing characteristics of interjections is their multifunctionality: The same word may express praise or scorn, excitement or boredom, joy or despair. Unlike the comparatively straightforward  denotations  of other parts of speech, the meanings of interjections are largely determined by  intonation,  context, and what linguists call  pragmatic function, such as: Geez, you really had to be there. As  Kristian Smidt wrote in Ideolectic  Characterisation in  A Dolls House published in Scandinavia: International Journal of Scandinavian Studies: You can fill it [the interjection] like a carrier bag with twenty different senses and a hundred different shades of meaning, all dependent on context, emphasis, and tonal accent. It can express anything from indifference to comprehension, incomprehension, query, rebuttal, rebuke, indignation, impatience, disappointment, surprise, admiration, disgust, and delight in any number of degrees. With interjections fulfilling such a large role in English, grammarians and linguists are calling for more attention to and study of these important parts of speech. As  Douglas Biber,  Stig Johansson,  Geoffrey Leech,  Susan Conrad, and Edward Finegan note in Longman Grammar of Spoken and Written English: If we are to describe spoken language adequately, we need to pay more attention to [interjections] than has traditionally been done. In an era of increasing communication via text messaging and social media—which is often laced with interjections—experts say that paying more attention to these loud and forceful parts of speech will help create a better understanding of how human beings actually communicate. And that thought certainly deserves a loud and forceful  Youwza! Sources Biber, Douglas. Longman Grammar of Spoken and Written English. Stig Johansson, Geoffrey Leech, et al., Longman, November 5, 1999. Farlex International, Inc. The Farlex Complete English Grammar Rules, 2016: Grammar. Bukupedia, June 16, 2016. Johnson, Rheta Grimsley. Good Grief!: The Story of Charles M. Schulz. Hardcover, First Edition edition, Pharos Books, September 1, 1989.

Analysis of Human Perception Essays - 1040 Words

When it comes down to our understanding of the world it is ultimately the result of our sensual means of perception. In other terms, can we really trust the truth, or anything that we know of scientifically? What does it mean to know something is true and also why it is important to distinguish between what you know and do not or cannot know? It is very difficult to be able to believe everything you hear, unless you experience it for yourself. Let?s say the perception is like viewing through goggles. If the tint of the goggles is green, the world appears green, if it?s black the world too becomes black. You want to see poverty, you can. You want to see or feel corruption, and you can get that. If you†¦show more content†¦Perhaps if someone told you that pigs could fly, would you be gullible enough to assume it? Or would you need solid evidence in order to believe that fact? Perception is also determined by theories throughout life. Plato, who is a Greek philosopher, discusses theories of knowledge throughout his famous dialogue, the Theaetetus. He researched many different ways of learning and attempts to define knowledge and perception. This is the beginning of how perception can be defined and looked upon. While researching perception, a perfect example would be the Salem witch trials. Throughout history millions of women have been scorned, accused, arrested, tortured, put to trial, and persecuted as a witch. Although before the Salem witch trials, they were originally created in Europe. These began in the 1450?s, whereas the Salem trials didn?t start until the late 1600?s. Regardless people were intimidated and scared by witches. They feared that it would overthrow Christianity. With much fear in mind, the Catholic Church was implemented. They began to take action upon their situation, and start crucifying any person that was accused of witchcraft. Now a day to accuse someone of witchcraft is absolute madness. Back then they didn?t know any better. They believed that killing an individual that possessed ?magic? was ultimately the best idea out there. For example, if a woman was accused of witchcraft, they may drownShow MoreRelatedThe Knowledge of Human Existence: Perception, Empiricism, and Reality An Analysis Contrived Through The Matrix and The Prestige2716 Words   |  11 Pages March 11, 2012 The Knowledge of Human Existence: Perception, Empiricism, and Reality An Analysis Contrived Through The Matrix and The Prestige Movies provide the audience with a unique experience. Not only do they entertain, they allow the audience to explore their own preconceptions. The most vital preconception that movies allow the viewer to explore and interact with is the definition and formation of knowledge. For centuries man has grasped for the true definition of knowledge. In thisRead MoreHuman Resource Management - Critical Analysis of a Current Hrm Issue - Employees Perception of Fairness of Performance Appraisal Systems1784 Words   |  8 PagesHuman resource management Individual Minor Paper (Critical analysis of a current HRM issue) Introduction This thesis aims to identify how employees’ perceived justice (or fairness) of performance appraisals influence their effectiveness and usefulness for an organization’s performance management system by critically evaluating the existing knowledge of appraisal provided by researchers. It contains an analysis of similarities and differences in the points of view presented by researchers and anRead MoreEssay about Concept Analysis on Self Perception1071 Words   |  5 PagesThis is a concept analysis on self-perception. Self-perception is non-discriminatory in that it crosses all socio-economic, religious and ethnic backgrounds. The effects of self-perception can be and usually are life altering. Self-perception can tear at the fabric of the victims self-confidence, self-worth and trust in their perceptions when relating to life events, eventually causing a chasm or warped view of the inner self. The reason for examining self-perception relates to how it affectsRead MoreEnvironmental Risk Perception Paper Psy 4601051 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Environmental Risk Perception Paper PSY 460 Environmental Risk Perception Paper The following paper will base on my chosen articles on our climate. I will provide a summary of each article. I will also compare and contrast the risk perceptions that are presented in each article I will identify any environmental stressors that are related to the environmental risk. It will be concluded with a discussion of my own risk perception of the issue. By the end of the paper you will be familiarRead MoreWhat Is Data Visualization1168 Words   |  5 Pagesrepresentation of information can go a long way in alleviating information overload and also in improving decision making within the clinical environment. However, factors such as perception of visualization tools by healthcare professionals may impede their effective implementation and reduce usefulness of these tools. The human factors approach can play a decisive role in the design and implementation of data visualization tools. Background There are numerous ways in which visual data is currentlyRead MoreMusà ©e des Beaux Arts by W. H. Auden Essay1106 Words   |  5 PagesAuden’s, Musà ©e des Beaux Arts, is a statement on human perceptions and how we use them to observe, or block out human suffering. While we are doing ordinary things like eating, or opening a window, bad things can be happening to others and it is as easy as looking up, to see what is actually going on. Auden illustrates societies’ indifference to human suffering through the form of his poem and by alluding to artwork that compares human perceptions and juxtaposes ordinary images with images of sufferingRead MoreConcept Analysis Of Pain And Pain1650 Words   |  7 PagesConcept Analysis of Pain The most common reason that people seek medical care is pain, and pain is the leading cause of disability (Peterson Bredow, 2013, p. 51; National Institute of Health, 2010). Pain is such an important topic in healthcare that the United States congress â€Å"identified 2000 to 2010 as the Decade of Pain Control and Research† (Brunner L. S., et al., 2010, p. 231). Unfortunatelly, patients are reporting a small increase in satisfaction with the pain management while in the hospitalRead MoreDavid Hume s Bundle 1041 Words   |  5 PagesDescartes created and lets it fly as a ghost in human perception. Not only in the case of the subject, the contrast between Hume’s and Descartes’ ideas can be seen in their search for a priori as well. i. David Hume’s empiricism and its contrast to Descartes’ ideas â€Å"All our simple ideas in their first appearance are deriv’d from simple impressions, which are correspondent to them, and which they exactly represent.† David Hume, A Treatise of Human Nature (T.1.1.1.7) As opposedRead MoreJohn Locke, George Berkeley, and David Hume Essay1079 Words   |  5 PagesLocke, Berkeley, and Hume Enlightenment began with an unparalleled confidence in human reason. The new sciences success in making clear the natural world through Locke, Berkeley, and Hume affected the efforts of philosophy in two ways. The first is by locating the basis of human knowledge in the human mind and its encounter with the physical world. Second is by directing philosophys attention to an analysis of the mind that was capable of such cognitive success. John Locke set the tone for enlightenmentRead MoreHow A 2d Framework Of Mind Perception899 Words   |  4 PagesThis study by Gray et al. explored how a 2D framework of mind perception could be used to further our understanding of psychopathology. They have done so by examining the interaction between the two dimensions of mind perception: agency (e.g. capacity for conscious control) and experience (e.g. capacity for feelings), with three subclinical syndromes: autism-spectrum disorder, schizotypy, and psychopathy. By reviewing current literatures, a distinct profile of under- and overperception of agency

Frankenstein and Blade Runner Essay Example For Students

Frankenstein and Blade Runner Essay Blade Runner’s Eldon Tyrell proclaims the company’s slogan as ‘more homo than human’ . How has the impression of humanity been explored in Frankenstein and Blade Runner? Thesis: The nature of humanity is patterned advance. when we progress excessively far we play God and lose basic traits of humanity. Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein draws on concerns from the romantics epoch to exemplify the natural and avaricious appetency for patterned advance that is portion of the nature of humanity. Furthermore Ridley Scott’s Blade Runner touches on Shelley’s impressions of danger in human endeavor and the unmanageable thrust of scientific development. These texts critically inquire into the follies of greed. and moral corruptness. Despite there being over 150 old ages between their composings these texts likewise represent the effects of playing God. and in turn the loss of humanity that goes with it. The common thematic concerns of these texts are explored through the usage of camera angles. imagination. tone and metaphor. Both Frankenstein and Blade Runner portray how the aspiration to interrupt through human restrictions in an act to play God is bound to ensue in failure. The spiritual imagination used when Frankenstein grants the â€Å"spark of life† upon the Animal in his attempt to â€Å"pour a downpour of visible radiation into our dark world† helps us come to the decision that the Creature is the really incarnation of the freak that worlds are capable of making. The metaphor of visible radiation in. â€Å"until from the thick of this darkness a sudden visible radiation broke in upon me† conveys Victor’s natural waking up to the possibility of making a perfect being imperviable to diseases. Such an unmentionable act trespasses the kingdom of the godlike Providence. meaning the beginning of Frankenstein’s sightlessness. He is speedy to gain that he has created a monster. as shown by the sorry tone in. â€Å"I beheld the wretch – the suffering monster whom I had created. † This depicts that untamed human aspiration can take to the accidental creative activity of the ‘grotesque’ when playing a human God. Similarly in Blade Runner. the dystopian universe demonstrates the wake of humanity’s desire to make a better society when playing God. The gap bird’s-eye shooting portrays a disintegrating metropolis dominated by industrial edifices. This disintegrating metropolis plants in concurrence with the repeating motive of unreal Ne lighting and eerie sounds to make a cold dark atmosphere. Blade Runner’s shadowy ambiance is symbolic of the deficiency of heat. fondness and household which has been created by the human demand of patterned advance. Such technological licking indicates humanity has gone excessively far. ensuing in complete devastation of nature. Furthermore Tyrell’s malicious demand for God like power over the replicants he creates is shown when he states â€Å"If we gift them with a past. we create a shock absorber or a pillow for their emotions. and accordingly. we can command them better. † The ceaseless demand for domination displayed depicts an obvious purpose to play God and suitably. the human existences in this alternate hereafter seem unreal and deficient humanity. Both texts warn the audience about the dangers of human aspiration to come on in scientific discipline which holds the capacity for non merely lay waste toing the environment but besides humanity itself. The two texts remark on mankind’s loss of humanity. Shelley depicts this subject through the duality between the animal and Victor. his Godhead. The animal is able to demo basic human inherent aptitudes as it relates to â€Å"the pleasant showers and affable warmth† of nature on it’s pilgrim’s journey through the wilderness. In contrast. Victor shows â€Å"insensibility to ( natures ) charms† while making the animal by incorporating himself in a â€Å"deep dark deathlike solitude† . this initial rhyme is metaphoric of Victor’s inability to associate to nature and expose basic human qualities which the animal can. .u3071e1966048c29dfd9ef0c20c289359 , .u3071e1966048c29dfd9ef0c20c289359 .postImageUrl , .u3071e1966048c29dfd9ef0c20c289359 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3071e1966048c29dfd9ef0c20c289359 , .u3071e1966048c29dfd9ef0c20c289359:hover , .u3071e1966048c29dfd9ef0c20c289359:visited , .u3071e1966048c29dfd9ef0c20c289359:active { border:0!important; } .u3071e1966048c29dfd9ef0c20c289359 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3071e1966048c29dfd9ef0c20c289359 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3071e1966048c29dfd9ef0c20c289359:active , .u3071e1966048c29dfd9ef0c20c289359:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3071e1966048c29dfd9ef0c20c289359 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3071e1966048c29dfd9ef0c20c289359 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3071e1966048c29dfd9ef0c20c289359 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3071e1966048c29dfd9ef0c20c289359 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3071e1966048c29dfd9ef0c20c289359:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3071e1966048c29dfd9ef0c20c289359 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3071e1966048c29dfd9ef0c20c289359 .u3071e1966048c29dfd9ef0c20c289359-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3071e1966048c29dfd9ef0c20c289359:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: alexander the great EssayThis straight relates to the romantic epoch. when Shelley wrote Frankenstein and that the grasp of nature was considered inseparable from the human experience. Therefore. this duality is metaphoric of mankind’s loss of humanity. Scott reinforces mankind’s loss of humanity through the executing of the Tyrell Corporations motto â€Å"more human than human. † The loss of humanity can be seen in the contrast between replicants and worlds. Pris is have oning a nuptial gown while concealing from Deckard ; this is metaphoric of the replicants ability to experience emotions of love and familial belonging. a basic homo inherent aptitude which the worlds of this universe are unable to experience. J. F Sebastian’s dry duologue â€Å"I make friends. they’re plaything. my friends are toys† shows that humans no longer hold existent households and have lost the ability to develop relationships of course. Contrasted once more by Batty’s ululation of hurting at the decease of Pris. this is symbolic of the familial bonds and relationships formed between replicants. Not merely does this comparing set up the slogan â€Å"more human than human† as a truism. it is symbolic of Scott edifice upon Shelley’s original word picture of mankind’s loss of humanity therefore reenforcing her warning against the amoral chase of scientific discipline and engineering. Shelley and Scott draw upon the concerns of their times ; the characters warn us that transgressing our boundaries and unrestrained scientific promotion comes with a effect. The texts critically ask into the human ability to perpetrate monstrous workss in the name of ‘progression’ . It is apparent that despite their contextual differences. both texts are linked through their common concerns about our built-in preparedness to abandon that which distinguishes worlds from all other species. Possibly the implicit in message of these texts is that despite the things we create being a contemplation of ourselves and our societies. it is finally our creative activities that mould us and who we are. This is illustrated by Winston Churchill’s words â€Å"we shape the things we build. thenceforth they shape us† .